S235J2 - 1.0116

S235J2 is a non-alloy structural steel classified under the EN 10025-2 standard, primarily designed for structural applications.

The "S" signifies "structural," highlighting its suitability for infrastructure and mechanical parts.

The "235" indicates a minimum yield strength of 235 megapascals, suggesting the stress tolerance before deformation, making it a choice for medium strength applications in buildings and similar engineering projects.

The "J2" designation reveals an impact resistance quality, confirmed through a Charpy impact test at -20°C, absorbing at least 27 joules of energy. This characteristic ensures robustness against shock or dynamic loads, suitable for structures in colder environments or subject to occasional forceful impacts.

Chemically, S235J2 is straightforward, comprising a carbon content limited to 0.17%, alongside manganese (up to 1.40%) which enhances its toughness. It also contains phosphorus and sulfur, each kept under 0.025% to avoid brittleness, and copper (up to 0.55%), providing slight resistance against atmospheric corrosion. However, for long-term outdoor use or harsh environments, protective coatings or enhancements are often advised.

Industrially, S235J2 is prized for its high weldability and formability, facilitating manufacturing processes like welding and shaping without compromising structural integrity. As a result, it finds widespread use in construction, bridge building, and making machinery like bulldozers and far-traveling marine vehicles. This versatile material is also integral in producing reliable railway wagons and large storage tanks, thanks to its consistent performance in diverse environmental conditions.

Mechanical Properties

Chemical Properties

Applications

S235J2 is widely utilized in various robust applications mainly due to its favorable mechanical properties, including moderate tensile and yield strength, good weldability, and machinability.

In construction, S235J2 is extensively adopted for building bridges, buildings, and load-bearing frameworks. It is frequently used to fabricate elements such as beams, columns, and structural frameworks where its ability to withstand stress and facilitate easy assembly shines. This grade of steel is also chosen for civil engineering projects that involve heavy loads and require reliable support, like tunnels and retaining walls.

The steel is prominent in manufacturing heavy machinery and industrial equipment due to its strength and ease of forming. It finds significant use in the construction of freight cars, transmission towers, dump trucks, cranes, trailers, and heavy construction machinery such as excavators. Furthermore, it is suited to the fabrication of fans, pumps, and various types of lifting equipment.

In the marine and offshore sectors, S235J2 is employed in shipbuilding and construction of oil and gas platforms, particularly when galvanized to enhance corrosion resistance against harsh marine environments.

However, S235J2 is not ideal for scenarios requiring high strength-to-weight ratios or extreme corrosion resistance. Additionally, while it performs well in standard conditions, it may require protective coatings or treatment for extended durability in environments with elevated humidity or chemically aggressive elements.